Coupled mode of cloud, atmospheric circulation, and sea ice controlled by wave-3 pattern in Antarctic winter

Abstract This study examines coupled relationships among clouds, atmospheric circulation, and sea ice in Antarctic winter. We find that the wave-3 pattern dominates leading covariability mode cloud, ice. Both horizontal transport vertical motion contribute to cloud formation, resulting maximum anomalies spatially between meridional wind pressure system. The radiative effect of clouds related can generate up 12 cm thick one month Amundsen Sea. It also strengthens are directly induced by low-level circulation anomalies. In addition, forcing lower troposphere is suppressed dynamic thermodynamic effects These discoveries provide a better understanding Antarctica’s interactive processes, offer physical evidence for climate model validations.